/*=========================================================================

  Program:   Visualization Toolkit
  Module:    vtkImageToPolyDataFilter.h

  Copyright (c) Ken Martin, Will Schroeder, Bill Lorensen
  All rights reserved.
  See Copyright.txt or http://www.kitware.com/Copyright.htm for details.

     This software is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even
     the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
     PURPOSE.  See the above copyright notice for more information.

=========================================================================*/
/**
 * @class   vtkImageToPolyDataFilter
 * @brief   generate linear primitives (vtkPolyData) from an image
 *
 * vtkImageToPolyDataFilter converts raster data (i.e., an image) into
 * polygonal data (i.e., quads or n-sided polygons), with each polygon
 * assigned a constant color. This is useful for writers that generate vector
 * formats (i.e., CGM or PostScript). To use this filter, you specify how to
 * quantize the color (or whether to use an image with a lookup table), and
 * what style the output should be. The output is always polygons, but the
 * choice is n x m quads (where n and m define the input image dimensions)
 * "Pixelize" option; arbitrary polygons "Polygonalize" option; or variable
 * number of quads of constant color generated along scan lines "RunLength"
 * option.
 *
 * The algorithm quantizes color in order to create coherent regions that the
 * polygons can represent with good compression. By default, the input image
 * is quantized to 256 colors using a 3-3-2 bits for red-green-blue. However,
 * you can also supply a single component image and a lookup table, with the
 * single component assumed to be an index into the table.  (Note: a quantized
 * image can be generated with the filter vtkImageQuantizeRGBToIndex.) The
 * number of colors on output is equal to the number of colors in the input
 * lookup table (or 256 if the built in linear ramp is used).
 *
 * The output of the filter is polygons with a single color per polygon cell.
 * If the output style is set to "Polygonalize", the polygons may have an
 * large number of points (bounded by something like 2*(n+m)); and the
 * polygon may not be convex which may cause rendering problems on some
 * systems (use vtkTriangleFilter). Otherwise, each polygon will have four
 * vertices. The output also contains scalar data defining RGB color in
 * unsigned char form.
 *
 * @warning
 * The input linear lookup table must
 * be of the form of 3-component unsigned char.
 *
 * @warning
 * This filter defines constant cell colors. If you have a plotting
 * device that supports Gouraud shading (linear interpolation of color), then
 * superior algorithms are available for generating polygons from images.
 *
 * @warning
 * Note that many plotting devices/formats support only a limited number of
 * colors.
 *
 * @sa
 * vtkCGMWriter vtkImageQuantizeRGBToIndex vtkTriangleFilter
*/

#ifndef vtkImageToPolyDataFilter_h
#define vtkImageToPolyDataFilter_h

#include "vtkFiltersHybridModule.h" // For export macro
#include "vtkPolyDataAlgorithm.h"

#define VTK_STYLE_PIXELIZE 0
#define VTK_STYLE_POLYGONALIZE 1
#define VTK_STYLE_RUN_LENGTH 2

#define VTK_COLOR_MODE_LUT 0
#define VTK_COLOR_MODE_LINEAR_256 1

class vtkDataArray;
class vtkEdgeTable;
class vtkIdTypeArray;
class vtkIntArray;
class vtkScalarsToColors;
class vtkStructuredPoints;
class vtkTimeStamp;
class vtkUnsignedCharArray;

class VTKFILTERSHYBRID_EXPORT vtkImageToPolyDataFilter : public vtkPolyDataAlgorithm
{
public:
  vtkTypeMacro(vtkImageToPolyDataFilter,vtkPolyDataAlgorithm);
  void PrintSelf(ostream& os, vtkIndent indent) override;

  /**
   * Instantiate object with initial number of colors 256.
   */
  static vtkImageToPolyDataFilter* New();

  //@{
  /**
   * Specify how to create the output. Pixelize means converting the image
   * to quad polygons with a constant color per quad. Polygonalize means
   * merging colors together into polygonal regions, and then smoothing
   * the regions (if smoothing is turned on). RunLength means creating
   * quad polygons that may encompass several pixels on a scan line. The
   * default behavior is Polygonalize.
   */
  vtkSetClampMacro(OutputStyle,int,VTK_STYLE_PIXELIZE,VTK_STYLE_RUN_LENGTH);
  vtkGetMacro(OutputStyle,int);
  void SetOutputStyleToPixelize()
    {this->SetOutputStyle(VTK_STYLE_PIXELIZE);};
  void SetOutputStyleToPolygonalize()
    {this->SetOutputStyle(VTK_STYLE_POLYGONALIZE);};
  void SetOutputStyleToRunLength()
    {this->SetOutputStyle(VTK_STYLE_RUN_LENGTH);};
  //@}

  //@{
  /**
   * Specify how to quantize color.
   */
  vtkSetClampMacro(ColorMode,int,VTK_COLOR_MODE_LUT,VTK_COLOR_MODE_LINEAR_256);
  vtkGetMacro(ColorMode,int);
  void SetColorModeToLUT()
    {this->SetColorMode(VTK_COLOR_MODE_LUT);};
  void SetColorModeToLinear256()
    {this->SetColorMode(VTK_COLOR_MODE_LINEAR_256);};
  //@}

  //@{
  /**
   * Set/Get the vtkLookupTable to use. The lookup table is used when the
   * color mode is set to LUT and a single component scalar is input.
   */
  virtual void SetLookupTable(vtkScalarsToColors*);
  vtkGetObjectMacro(LookupTable,vtkScalarsToColors);
  //@}

  //@{
  /**
   * If the output style is set to polygonalize, then you can control
   * whether to smooth boundaries.
   */
  vtkSetMacro(Smoothing, int);
  vtkGetMacro(Smoothing, int);
  vtkBooleanMacro(Smoothing, int);
  //@}

  //@{
  /**
   * Specify the number of smoothing iterations to smooth polygons. (Only
   * in effect if output style is Polygonalize and smoothing is on.)
   */
  vtkSetClampMacro(NumberOfSmoothingIterations,int,0,VTK_INT_MAX);
  vtkGetMacro(NumberOfSmoothingIterations,int);
  //@}

  //@{
  /**
   * Turn on/off whether the final polygons should be decimated.
   * whether to smooth boundaries.
   */
  vtkSetMacro(Decimation, int);
  vtkGetMacro(Decimation, int);
  vtkBooleanMacro(Decimation, int);
  //@}

  //@{
  /**
   * Specify the error to use for decimation (if decimation is on).
   * The error is an absolute number--the image spacing and
   * dimensions are used to create points so the error should be
   * consistent with the image size.
   */
  vtkSetClampMacro(DecimationError,double,0.0,VTK_DOUBLE_MAX);
  vtkGetMacro(DecimationError,double);
  //@}

  //@{
  /**
   * Specify the error value between two colors where the colors are
   * considered the same. Only use this if the color mode uses the
   * default 256 table.
   */
  vtkSetClampMacro(Error,int,0,VTK_INT_MAX);
  vtkGetMacro(Error,int);
  //@}

  //@{
  /**
   * Specify the size (n by n pixels) of the largest region to
   * polygonalize. When the OutputStyle is set to VTK_STYLE_POLYGONALIZE,
   * large amounts of memory are used. In order to process large images,
   * the image is broken into pieces that are at most Size pixels in
   * width and height.
   */
  vtkSetClampMacro(SubImageSize,int,10,VTK_INT_MAX);
  vtkGetMacro(SubImageSize,int);
  //@}

protected:
  vtkImageToPolyDataFilter();
  ~vtkImageToPolyDataFilter() override;

  int RequestData(vtkInformation *, vtkInformationVector **, vtkInformationVector *) override;
  int FillInputPortInformation(int port, vtkInformation *info) override;

  int OutputStyle;
  int ColorMode;
  int Smoothing;
  int NumberOfSmoothingIterations;
  int Decimation;
  double DecimationError;
  int Error;
  int SubImageSize;
  vtkScalarsToColors *LookupTable;

  virtual void PixelizeImage(vtkUnsignedCharArray *pixels, int dims[3],
                             double origin[3], double spacing[3],
                             vtkPolyData *output);
  virtual void PolygonalizeImage(vtkUnsignedCharArray *pixels, int dims[3],
                                 double origin[3], double spacing[3],
                                 vtkPolyData *output);
  virtual void RunLengthImage(vtkUnsignedCharArray *pixels, int dims[3],
                              double origin[3], double spacing[3],
                              vtkPolyData *output);
private:
  vtkUnsignedCharArray *Table;      // color table used to quantize points
  vtkTimeStamp         TableMTime;
  int                  *Visited;    // traverse & mark connected regions
  vtkUnsignedCharArray *PolyColors; // the colors of each region -> polygon
  vtkEdgeTable         *EdgeTable;  // keep track of intersection points
  vtkEdgeTable         *EdgeUseTable; // keep track of polygons use of edges
  vtkIntArray          *EdgeUses; //the two polygons that use an edge
                                  //and point id associated with edge (if any)

  void BuildTable(unsigned char *inPixels);
  vtkUnsignedCharArray *QuantizeImage(vtkDataArray *inScalars, int numComp,
                                          int type, int dims[3], int ext[4]);
  int ProcessImage(vtkUnsignedCharArray *pixels, int dims[2]);
  int BuildEdges(vtkUnsignedCharArray *pixels, int dims[3], double origin[3],
                 double spacing[3], vtkUnsignedCharArray *pointDescr,
                 vtkPolyData *edges);
  void BuildPolygons(vtkUnsignedCharArray *pointDescr, vtkPolyData *edges,
                     int numPolys, vtkUnsignedCharArray *polyColors);
  void SmoothEdges(vtkUnsignedCharArray *pointDescr, vtkPolyData *edges);
  void DecimateEdges(vtkPolyData *edges, vtkUnsignedCharArray *pointDescr,
                     double tol2);
  void GeneratePolygons(vtkPolyData *edges, int numPolys, vtkPolyData *output,
                        vtkUnsignedCharArray *polyColors,
                        vtkUnsignedCharArray *pointDescr);

  int GetNeighbors(unsigned char *ptr, int &i, int &j, int dims[3],
                   unsigned char *neighbors[4], int mode);

  void GetIJ(int id, int &i, int &j, int dims[2]);
  unsigned char *GetColor(unsigned char *rgb);
  int IsSameColor(unsigned char *p1, unsigned char *p2);

private:
  vtkImageToPolyDataFilter(const vtkImageToPolyDataFilter&) = delete;
  void operator=(const vtkImageToPolyDataFilter&) = delete;
};

#endif
