std::net::TcpStream - Rust
Description: API documentation for the Rust `TcpStream` struct in crate `std`.
Keywords: rust, rustlang, rust-lang, TcpStream

# 1.0.0[−][src]Struct std::net::TcpStream

    pub struct TcpStream(_);

A TCP stream between a local and a remote socket.

After creating a `TcpStream` by either `connect`ing to a remote host or `accept`ing a connection on a `TcpListener`, data can be transmitted by reading and writing to it.

The connection will be closed when the value is dropped. The reading and writing portions of the connection can also be shut down individually with the `shutdown` method.

The Transmission Control Protocol is specified in IETF RFC 793.

# Examples

    use std::io::prelude::*;
    use std::net::TcpStream;

    {
        let mut stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:34254").unwrap();

        // ignore the Result
        let _ = stream.write(&[1]);
        let _ = stream.read(&mut [0; 128]); // ignore here too
    } // the stream is closed hereRun

## Methods

###

`impl TcpStream`

[src]

####

`pub fn connect<A: ToSocketAddrs>(addr: A) -> Result<TcpStream>`

[src]

Opens a TCP connection to a remote host.

`addr` is an address of the remote host. Anything which implements `ToSocketAddrs` trait can be supplied for the address; see this trait documentation for concrete examples.

If `addr` yields multiple addresses, `connect` will be attempted with each of the addresses until a connection is successful. If none of the addresses result in a successful connection, the error returned from the last connection attempt (the last address) is returned.

# Examples

Open a TCP connection to `127.0.0.1:8080`:

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    if let Ok(stream) = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080") {
        println!("Connected to the server!");
    } else {
        println!("Couldn't connect to server...");
    }Run

Open a TCP connection to `127.0.0.1:8080`. If the connection fails, open a TCP connection to `127.0.0.1:8081`:

    use std::net::{SocketAddr, TcpStream};

    let addrs = [
        SocketAddr::from(([127, 0, 0, 1], 8080)),
        SocketAddr::from(([127, 0, 0, 1], 8081)),
    ];
    if let Ok(stream) = TcpStream::connect(&addrs[..]) {
        println!("Connected to the server!");
    } else {
        println!("Couldn't connect to server...");
    }Run

####

`pub fn connect_timeout( addr: &SocketAddr, timeout: Duration ) -> Result<TcpStream>`

1.21.0
[src]

Opens a TCP connection to a remote host with a timeout.

Unlike `connect`, `connect_timeout` takes a single `SocketAddr` since timeout must be applied to individual addresses.

It is an error to pass a zero `Duration` to this function.

Unlike other methods on `TcpStream`, this does not correspond to a single system call. It instead calls `connect` in nonblocking mode and then uses an OS-specific mechanism to await the completion of the connection request.

####

`pub fn peer_addr(&self) -> Result<SocketAddr>`

[src]

Returns the socket address of the remote peer of this TCP connection.

# Examples

    use std::net::{Ipv4Addr, SocketAddr, SocketAddrV4, TcpStream};

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    assert_eq!(stream.peer_addr().unwrap(),
               SocketAddr::V4(SocketAddrV4::new(Ipv4Addr::new(127, 0, 0, 1), 8080)));Run

####

`pub fn local_addr(&self) -> Result<SocketAddr>`

[src]

Returns the socket address of the local half of this TCP connection.

# Examples

    use std::net::{IpAddr, Ipv4Addr, TcpStream};

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    assert_eq!(stream.local_addr().unwrap().ip(),
               IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(127, 0, 0, 1)));Run

####

`pub fn shutdown(&self, how: Shutdown) -> Result<()>`

[src]

Shuts down the read, write, or both halves of this connection.

This function will cause all pending and future I/O on the specified portions to return immediately with an appropriate value (see the documentation of `Shutdown`).

# Platform-specific behavior

Calling this function multiple times may result in different behavior, depending on the operating system. On Linux, the second call will return `Ok(())`, but on macOS, it will return `ErrorKind::NotConnected`. This may change in the future.

# Examples

    use std::net::{Shutdown, TcpStream};

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.shutdown(Shutdown::Both).expect("shutdown call failed");Run

####

`pub fn try_clone(&self) -> Result<TcpStream>`

[src]

Creates a new independently owned handle to the underlying socket.

The returned `TcpStream` is a reference to the same stream that this object references. Both handles will read and write the same stream of data, and options set on one stream will be propagated to the other stream.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    let stream_clone = stream.try_clone().expect("clone failed...");Run

####

`pub fn set_read_timeout(&self, dur: Option<Duration>) -> Result<()>`

1.4.0
[src]

Sets the read timeout to the timeout specified.

If the value specified is `None`, then `read` calls will block indefinitely. An `Err` is returned if the zero `Duration` is passed to this method.

# Platform-specific behavior

Platforms may return a different error code whenever a read times out as a result of setting this option. For example Unix typically returns an error of the kind `WouldBlock`, but Windows may return `TimedOut`.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_read_timeout(None).expect("set_read_timeout call failed");Run

An `Err` is returned if the zero `Duration` is passed to this method:

    use std::io;
    use std::net::TcpStream;
    use std::time::Duration;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").unwrap();
    let result = stream.set_read_timeout(Some(Duration::new(0, 0)));
    let err = result.unwrap_err();
    assert_eq!(err.kind(), io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput)Run

####

`pub fn set_write_timeout(&self, dur: Option<Duration>) -> Result<()>`

1.4.0
[src]

Sets the write timeout to the timeout specified.

If the value specified is `None`, then `write` calls will block indefinitely. An `Err` is returned if the zero `Duration` is passed to this method.

# Platform-specific behavior

Platforms may return a different error code whenever a write times out as a result of setting this option. For example Unix typically returns an error of the kind `WouldBlock`, but Windows may return `TimedOut`.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_write_timeout(None).expect("set_write_timeout call failed");Run

An `Err` is returned if the zero `Duration` is passed to this method:

    use std::io;
    use std::net::TcpStream;
    use std::time::Duration;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080").unwrap();
    let result = stream.set_write_timeout(Some(Duration::new(0, 0)));
    let err = result.unwrap_err();
    assert_eq!(err.kind(), io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput)Run

####

`pub fn read_timeout(&self) -> Result<Option<Duration>>`

1.4.0
[src]

Returns the read timeout of this socket.

If the timeout is `None`, then `read` calls will block indefinitely.

# Platform-specific behavior

Some platforms do not provide access to the current timeout.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_read_timeout(None).expect("set_read_timeout call failed");
    assert_eq!(stream.read_timeout().unwrap(), None);Run

####

`pub fn write_timeout(&self) -> Result<Option<Duration>>`

1.4.0
[src]

Returns the write timeout of this socket.

If the timeout is `None`, then `write` calls will block indefinitely.

# Platform-specific behavior

Some platforms do not provide access to the current timeout.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_write_timeout(None).expect("set_write_timeout call failed");
    assert_eq!(stream.write_timeout().unwrap(), None);Run

####

`pub fn peek(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize>`

1.18.0
[src]

Receives data on the socket from the remote address to which it is connected, without removing that data from the queue. On success, returns the number of bytes peeked.

Successive calls return the same data. This is accomplished by passing `MSG_PEEK` as a flag to the underlying `recv` system call.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8000")
                           .expect("couldn't bind to address");
    let mut buf = [0; 10];
    let len = stream.peek(&mut buf).expect("peek failed");Run

####

`pub fn set_nodelay(&self, nodelay: bool) -> Result<()>`

1.9.0
[src]

Sets the value of the `TCP_NODELAY` option on this socket.

If set, this option disables the Nagle algorithm. This means that segments are always sent as soon as possible, even if there is only a small amount of data. When not set, data is buffered until there is a sufficient amount to send out, thereby avoiding the frequent sending of small packets.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_nodelay(true).expect("set_nodelay call failed");Run

####

`pub fn nodelay(&self) -> Result<bool>`

1.9.0
[src]

Gets the value of the `TCP_NODELAY` option on this socket.

For more information about this option, see `set_nodelay`.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_nodelay(true).expect("set_nodelay call failed");
    assert_eq!(stream.nodelay().unwrap_or(false), true);Run

####

`pub fn set_ttl(&self, ttl: u32) -> Result<()>`

1.9.0
[src]

Sets the value for the `IP_TTL` option on this socket.

This value sets the time-to-live field that is used in every packet sent from this socket.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_ttl(100).expect("set_ttl call failed");Run

####

`pub fn ttl(&self) -> Result<u32>`

1.9.0
[src]

Gets the value of the `IP_TTL` option for this socket.

For more information about this option, see `set_ttl`.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_ttl(100).expect("set_ttl call failed");
    assert_eq!(stream.ttl().unwrap_or(0), 100);Run

####

`pub fn take_error(&self) -> Result<Option<Error>>`

1.9.0
[src]

Get the value of the `SO_ERROR` option on this socket.

This will retrieve the stored error in the underlying socket, clearing the field in the process. This can be useful for checking errors between calls.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.take_error().expect("No error was expected...");Run

####

`pub fn set_nonblocking(&self, nonblocking: bool) -> Result<()>`

1.9.0
[src]

Moves this TCP stream into or out of nonblocking mode.

This will result in `read`, `write`, `recv` and `send` operations becoming nonblocking, i.e. immediately returning from their calls. If the IO operation is successful, `Ok` is returned and no further action is required. If the IO operation could not be completed and needs to be retried, an error with kind `io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock` is returned.

On Unix platforms, calling this method corresponds to calling `fcntl` `FIONBIO`. On Windows calling this method corresponds to calling `ioctlsocket` `FIONBIO`.

# Examples

Reading bytes from a TCP stream in non-blocking mode:

    use std::io::{self, Read};
    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let mut stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:7878")
        .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_nonblocking(true).expect("set_nonblocking call failed");

    let mut buf = vec![];
    loop {
        match stream.read_to_end(&mut buf) {
            Ok(_) => break,
            Err(ref e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => {
                // wait until network socket is ready, typically implemented
                // via platform-specific APIs such as epoll or IOCP
                wait_for_fd();
            }
            Err(e) => panic!("encountered IO error: {}", e),
        };
    };
    println!("bytes: {:?}", buf);Run

## Trait Implementations

###

`impl Read for TcpStream`

[src]

####

`fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize>`

[src]

Pull some bytes from this source into the specified buffer, returning how many bytes were read. Read more

####

`unsafe fn initializer(&self) -> Initializer`

[src]

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (`read_initializer` #42788)

Determines if this `Read`er can work with buffers of uninitialized memory. Read more

####

`fn read_to_end(&mut self, buf: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Result<usize>`

[src]

Read all bytes until EOF in this source, placing them into `buf`. Read more

####

`fn read_to_string(&mut self, buf: &mut String) -> Result<usize>`

[src]

Read all bytes until EOF in this source, appending them to `buf`. Read more

####

`fn read_exact(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<()>`

1.6.0
[src]

Read the exact number of bytes required to fill `buf`. Read more

####
ⓘImportant traits for &'a mut I

### Important traits for &'a mut I

`impl<'a, I> Iterator for &'a mut I where
I: Iterator + ?Sized, type Item = <I as Iterator>::Item;impl<'a, R: Read + ?Sized> Read for &'a mut Rimpl<'a, W: Write + ?Sized> Write for &'a mut W`

`fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self where Self: Sized,`

[src]

Creates a "by reference" adaptor for this instance of `Read`. Read more

####
ⓘImportant traits for Bytes<R>

### Important traits for Bytes<R>

`impl<R: Read> Iterator for Bytes<R> type Item = Result<u8>;`

`fn bytes(self) -> Bytes<Self> where Self: Sized,`

[src]

Transforms this `Read` instance to an [`Iterator`] over its bytes. Read more

####
ⓘImportant traits for Chain<T, U>

### Important traits for Chain<T, U>

`impl<T: Read, U: Read> Read for Chain<T, U>`

`fn chain<R: Read>(self, next: R) -> Chain<Self, R> where Self: Sized,`

[src]

Creates an adaptor which will chain this stream with another. Read more

####
ⓘImportant traits for Take<T>

### Important traits for Take<T>

`impl<T: Read> Read for Take<T>`

`fn take(self, limit: u64) -> Take<Self> where Self: Sized,`

[src]

Creates an adaptor which will read at most `limit` bytes from it. Read more

###

`impl<'a> Read for &'a TcpStream`

[src]

####

`fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize>`

[src]

Pull some bytes from this source into the specified buffer, returning how many bytes were read. Read more

####

`unsafe fn initializer(&self) -> Initializer`

[src]

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (`read_initializer` #42788)

Determines if this `Read`er can work with buffers of uninitialized memory. Read more

####

`fn read_to_end(&mut self, buf: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Result<usize>`

[src]

Read all bytes until EOF in this source, placing them into `buf`. Read more

####

`fn read_to_string(&mut self, buf: &mut String) -> Result<usize>`

[src]

Read all bytes until EOF in this source, appending them to `buf`. Read more

####

`fn read_exact(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<()>`

1.6.0
[src]

Read the exact number of bytes required to fill `buf`. Read more

####
ⓘImportant traits for &'a mut I

### Important traits for &'a mut I

`impl<'a, I> Iterator for &'a mut I where
I: Iterator + ?Sized, type Item = <I as Iterator>::Item;impl<'a, R: Read + ?Sized> Read for &'a mut Rimpl<'a, W: Write + ?Sized> Write for &'a mut W`

`fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self where Self: Sized,`

[src]

Creates a "by reference" adaptor for this instance of `Read`. Read more

####
ⓘImportant traits for Bytes<R>

### Important traits for Bytes<R>

`impl<R: Read> Iterator for Bytes<R> type Item = Result<u8>;`

`fn bytes(self) -> Bytes<Self> where Self: Sized,`

[src]

Transforms this `Read` instance to an [`Iterator`] over its bytes. Read more

####
ⓘImportant traits for Chain<T, U>

### Important traits for Chain<T, U>

`impl<T: Read, U: Read> Read for Chain<T, U>`

`fn chain<R: Read>(self, next: R) -> Chain<Self, R> where Self: Sized,`

[src]

Creates an adaptor which will chain this stream with another. Read more

####
ⓘImportant traits for Take<T>

### Important traits for Take<T>

`impl<T: Read> Read for Take<T>`

`fn take(self, limit: u64) -> Take<Self> where Self: Sized,`

[src]

Creates an adaptor which will read at most `limit` bytes from it. Read more

###

`impl Write for TcpStream`

[src]

####

`fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize>`

[src]

Write a buffer into this object, returning how many bytes were written. Read more

####

`fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<()>`

[src]

Flush this output stream, ensuring that all intermediately buffered contents reach their destination. Read more

####

`fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<()>`

[src]

Attempts to write an entire buffer into this write. Read more

####

`fn write_fmt(&mut self, fmt: Arguments) -> Result<()>`

[src]

Writes a formatted string into this writer, returning any error encountered. Read more

####
ⓘImportant traits for &'a mut I

### Important traits for &'a mut I

`impl<'a, I> Iterator for &'a mut I where
I: Iterator + ?Sized, type Item = <I as Iterator>::Item;impl<'a, R: Read + ?Sized> Read for &'a mut Rimpl<'a, W: Write + ?Sized> Write for &'a mut W`

`fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self where Self: Sized,`

[src]

Creates a "by reference" adaptor for this instance of `Write`. Read more

###

`impl<'a> Write for &'a TcpStream`

[src]

####

`fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize>`

[src]

Write a buffer into this object, returning how many bytes were written. Read more

####

`fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<()>`

[src]

Flush this output stream, ensuring that all intermediately buffered contents reach their destination. Read more

####

`fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<()>`

[src]

Attempts to write an entire buffer into this write. Read more

####

`fn write_fmt(&mut self, fmt: Arguments) -> Result<()>`

[src]

Writes a formatted string into this writer, returning any error encountered. Read more

####
ⓘImportant traits for &'a mut I

### Important traits for &'a mut I

`impl<'a, I> Iterator for &'a mut I where
I: Iterator + ?Sized, type Item = <I as Iterator>::Item;impl<'a, R: Read + ?Sized> Read for &'a mut Rimpl<'a, W: Write + ?Sized> Write for &'a mut W`

`fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self where Self: Sized,`

[src]

Creates a "by reference" adaptor for this instance of `Write`. Read more

###

`impl AsRawFd for TcpStream`

[src]

####

`fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd`

[src]

This is supported on Unix only.

Extracts the raw file descriptor. Read more

###

`impl FromRawFd for TcpStream`

1.1.0
[src]

####
ⓘImportant traits for TcpStream

### Important traits for TcpStream

`impl Read for TcpStreamimpl<'a> Read for &'a TcpStreamimpl Write for TcpStreamimpl<'a> Write for &'a TcpStream`

`unsafe fn from_raw_fd(fd: RawFd) -> TcpStream`

[src]

This is supported on Unix only.

Constructs a new instance of `Self` from the given raw file descriptor. Read more

###

`impl IntoRawFd for TcpStream`

1.4.0
[src]

####

`fn into_raw_fd(self) -> RawFd`

[src]

This is supported on Unix only.

Consumes this object, returning the raw underlying file descriptor. Read more

###

`impl AsRawSocket for TcpStream`

[src]

####

`fn as_raw_socket(&self) -> RawSocket`

[src]

This is supported on Windows only.

Extracts the underlying raw socket from this object.

###

`impl FromRawSocket for TcpStream`

1.1.0
[src]

####
ⓘImportant traits for TcpStream

### Important traits for TcpStream

`impl Read for TcpStreamimpl<'a> Read for &'a TcpStreamimpl Write for TcpStreamimpl<'a> Write for &'a TcpStream`

`unsafe fn from_raw_socket(sock: RawSocket) -> TcpStream`

[src]

This is supported on Windows only.

Creates a new I/O object from the given raw socket. Read more

###

`impl IntoRawSocket for TcpStream`

1.4.0
[src]

####

`fn into_raw_socket(self) -> RawSocket`

[src]

This is supported on Windows only.

Consumes this object, returning the raw underlying socket. Read more

###

`impl Debug for TcpStream`

[src]

####

`fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> Result`

[src]

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more

## Auto Trait Implementations

###

`impl Send for TcpStream`

###

`impl Sync for TcpStream`

## Blanket Implementations

###

`impl<T, U> TryFrom for T where T: From<U>,`

[src]

#### `type Error = !`

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (`try_from` #33417)

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.

####

`fn try_from(value: U) -> Result<T, <T as TryFrom<U>>::Error>`

[src]

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (`try_from` #33417)

Performs the conversion.

###

`impl<T> From for T`

[src]

####

`fn from(t: T) -> T`

[src]

Performs the conversion.

###

`impl<T, U> TryInto for T where U: TryFrom<T>,`

[src]

#### `type Error = <U as TryFrom<T>>::Error`

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (`try_from` #33417)

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.

####

`fn try_into(self) -> Result<U, <U as TryFrom<T>>::Error>`

[src]

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (`try_from` #33417)

Performs the conversion.

###

`impl<T, U> Into for T where U: From<T>,`

[src]

####

`fn into(self) -> U`

[src]

Performs the conversion.

###

`impl<T> Borrow for T where T: ?Sized,`

[src]

####
ⓘImportant traits for &'a mut I

### Important traits for &'a mut I

`impl<'a, I> Iterator for &'a mut I where
I: Iterator + ?Sized, type Item = <I as Iterator>::Item;impl<'a, R: Read + ?Sized> Read for &'a mut Rimpl<'a, W: Write + ?Sized> Write for &'a mut W`

`fn borrow(&self) -> &T`

[src]

Immutably borrows from an owned value. Read more

###

`impl<T> BorrowMut for T where T: ?Sized,`

[src]

####
ⓘImportant traits for &'a mut I

### Important traits for &'a mut I

`impl<'a, I> Iterator for &'a mut I where
I: Iterator + ?Sized, type Item = <I as Iterator>::Item;impl<'a, R: Read + ?Sized> Read for &'a mut Rimpl<'a, W: Write + ?Sized> Write for &'a mut W`

`fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T`

[src]

Mutably borrows from an owned value. Read more

###

`impl<T> Any for T where T: 'static + ?Sized,`

[src]

####

`fn get_type_id(&self) -> TypeId`

[src]

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (`get_type_id` #27745)

this method will likely be replaced by an associated static

Gets the `TypeId` of `self`. Read more

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